Topology
CAD programs increasingly work with component-orientated functions such as the generation of pillars or ceilings. Often, however, it remains unclear as to whether the elements are made up of surfaces or volumes. In the simulation programs, though, the designer is confronted with the basic 3D elements without component details; these can be vertex, edge, face/polygon and surface normal: the vertex with the X, Y and Z coordinates, an edge is defined by two vertices and a surface by three. The normal is positioned vertically on the surface and reveals its front face. After exporting from a component-orientated CAD program, the designer needs to be prepared eventually for a different structure where modifications of the geometry are made in the simulation program.